Ainur Mardhiah Mazlan, Ibrahim MK. Nilai Kepimpinan Islam dalam Kerajaan Uthmaniyah: Analisis terhadap Empat Pemimpin Utama Pada Era Awal: The Values of Islamic Leadership in the Ottoman Empire: An Analysis of the Four Early Leaders. JAM [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 31 [cited 2026 Feb. 27];13(2):36-58. Available from: https://jml.um.edu.my/index.php/MUQADDIMAH/article/view/66618