NING AS THE FEMALE WRITERS IN THE RE-AWAKENING OF PESANTREN LITERATURE: CRITICAL ANALYSIS FROM BOURDIEU’S CAPITAL THEORY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/jati.vol30no1.9Keywords:
social capital, social media, independent publishersAbstract
Novels written by female writers in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) from 2019 to 2020 were republished by Ning, who was the daughter of a Kiai and pesantren caregiver. The writers of the original novels include Khilma Anis, Najhaty Sharma, Nisaul Kamilah, Mar'atul Makhmudah, and Liza Samchah. The attempt made by Ning shows the effort to revive pesantren literature, specifically those written by female writers. The phenomenon is interesting because the works are read in different pesantren despite the limited space for female writers. Therefore, this study aims to show how literacy in pesantren is developed through the interaction of social capital, social media, and independent publishers, which enable writers to express ideas and expand their audience. The perspective of literary sociology and the capital theory of Bourdieu was used to connect social capital with the production of works by female writers in pesantren. The theories were also used to understand how the works reflected the social structure of pesantren. The results showed that Ning articulated the experiences, ideas, and Islamic identities through novels based on the interaction of capital possessed. The resulting works provided a new perspective on the experiences of female writers. It was observed that the works functioned as a personal expression and a negotiation of social structures experienced. The results contribute to the development of pesantren literature, currently dominated by male authors. Moreover, this study shows the social transformation in the tradition of more inclusive pesantren literacy as well as an increase in the awareness of issues related to female writers.
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